What term refers to an inscription placed on a monument to commemorate the deeds or qualities of the deceased?

The term that refers to an inscription placed on a monument to commemorate the deeds or qualities of the deceased is "epitaph." An epitaph serves as a tribute to the individual and is often carved into the stone of a headstone or monument. It typically summarizes the person's life achievements, character, or a meaningful message, allowing for reflection upon their legacy by those who visit the site.

In contrast, a grave denotes the burial place itself, while a mausoleum is a grand building or structure that houses the remains of the deceased. A marker, while it may indicate the location of a grave, does not specifically describe the inscriptive aspect meant for commemoration like an epitaph does. Thus, "epitaph" is the precise term that captures the essence of honoring the memory of someone through written words.