Which lighting method refers to illumination that reflects off an object's surface?

The correct answer is the method that refers to illumination reflecting off an object’s surface, known as indirect lighting. This lighting technique involves positioning light sources in such a way that they do not shine directly onto the object, but rather illuminate it by reflecting off the surrounding surfaces. This creates a softer, more diffused light that can enhance the aesthetic of a space without harsh shadows or glare, making it conducive to creating a pleasant environment.

Indirect lighting is often used in interior design to contribute to a more relaxed ambiance and to subtly highlight architectural features or artwork. This technique is particularly effective in settings like living rooms, restaurants, and galleries, where maintaining a mood or atmosphere is important.

In contrast, direct lighting focuses on illuminating a specific area or object with light directed straight from the fixture, which can produce stronger shadows. Ambient lighting provides overall illumination to a space without necessarily reflecting off surfaces but rather illuminating the whole area. Task lighting is designated for specific tasks, like reading or working, where direct illumination is required. Therefore, the distinct reflecting nature of indirect lighting makes it the correct answer in the context of the question.